Mindfulness
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| 39 and 24 item Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire | FFMQ Baer, Smith, Hopkins, Krietemeyer & Toney, 2006 24-item short form version of FFMQ (FFMQ-SF) developed by Bohlmeijer (2011) | After evaluating all of the seven most utilized mindfulness scales, Baer created this new one to integrate the most important and validated features, called the FFMQ. This measures the five facets of mindfulness: observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging of inner experience, and nonreactivity to inner experience. | FFMQ: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/319444696_Five_Facet_Mindfulness_Questionnaire_FFMQ FFMQ-SF: http://goodmedicine.org.uk/files/assessment,%20mindfulness%205%20facets%20short_1.pdf |
| 39-item Kentucky Inventory of Mindfulness Skills | KIMS, Baer, Smith & Allen, 2004 | Measures observing, describing, acting with awareness, and accepting without judgment. Can be divided into subscales for each. Baer et al. (2006) evaluated the next six mindfulness scales and found KIMS most relevant. | http://www.mindfulness-extended.nl/content3/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/KIMS-E-EN.pdf |
| 15-item Mindfulness Attention Awareness Scale | MAAS Brown & Ryan, 2003 | Treats mindfulness as a trait involving awareness and attention. | https://ggsc.berkeley.edu/images/uploads/The_Mindful_Attention_Awareness_Scale_-_Trait_(1).pdf |
| 14-item Freiburg Mindfulness Inventory | FMI, Walach, Buchheld, Buttenmuller, Kleinknecht, & Schmidt, 2006 | Considered heavily qualitative over quantitative, measures ability to regulate attention with orientation of openness, curiosity, and non-judgment. Measures trait mindfulness and should not be split up into subscales. | http://www.mindfulness-extended.nl/content3/wp-content/uploads/2013/07/Freiburg-Mindfulness-Inventory.pdf |
| Cognitive & Affective Mindfulness Scale 12-item Cognitive & Affective Mindfulness Scale - Revised | CAMS, Kumar, Feldman & Hayes, 2005 CAMS-R, Feldman, Hayes, Kumar, Greeson & Laurenceau 2007 | Measures attention, present-focus, awareness and acceptance | https://ggsc.berkeley.edu/images/uploads/The_Cognitive_and_Affective_Mindfulness_Scale_%E2%80%93_Revised.pdf |
| 14 or 21-item Langer Mindfulness Scale | LMS, Pirson, Langer, Bodner & Zilcha-Mano, 2012 | Incorporates a socio-cognitive perspective | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/291372253_Developing_the_Langer_Mindfulness_Scale |
| 13-item Toronto Mindfulness Scale | TMS, Lau, Bishop, Segal, Buis, Anderson, Carlson, Shapiro, & Carmody, 2006 | Consists of two subscales – curiosity and decentering | http://www.personal.kent.edu/~dfresco/mindfulness/Lau_et_al_TMS.pdf |
| 20-item Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale | PHLMS, Cardaciotto, Herbert, Forman, Moitra & Farrow, 2008 | Measures present-moment awareness and acceptance of present. | https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/1073191107311467 |
| 30-item Solloway Mindfulness Survey | SMS, Solloway & Fisher, 2007 | Measures knowledge and experience of mindfulness – used for tracking progress of students | https://dts.lectica.org/mindfulness/SMS/m-intro.html |
| 7-item Mindfulness Process Questionnaire | MPQ, Erisman & Roemer, 20120 | This new mindfulness questionnaire was developed to assess the extent to which mindfulness is intentionally practiced, to assess switching ability, and evaluate judgment. (Christopher et al., 2015) | http://roemerlab-umb.com/wp-content/uploads/2012/08/Erisman-and-Roemer-ABCT-2009.pdf |
OTHER SELF-REPORT TOOLS USED TO ASSESS SPECIFIC FACETS AND OUTCOMES OF MINDFULNESS
ATTENTION REGULATION AND CONFLICT MONITORING
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Attention Network Test | ANT, Fan, McCandliss, Sommer, Raz & Posner, 2002 | This tool measures attention regulation and conflict monitoring (observing, aware-acting and describing), as well as executive attention. Two studies found better performance among experienced meditators (Hölzel et al., 2011b). | https://sacklerinstitute.org/cornell/assays_and_tools/ant/jin.fan/ |
| Vigilance | These tools measure skills in self-regulating the focus of attention, sustaining attention over time (vigilance), and the switching of attention back to the breath (Bishop et al., 2004). | https://www.parinc.com/Products/Pkey/94 | |
| Heartbeat awareness tests | Self-report tests show attention on body awareness leads to clarity and subtle interoception (Hölzel et al., 2011b). This is supported by FA meditation. | file:///Users/G/Downloads/Final%20Submission%20.pdf | |
EMOTION REGULATION
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| 36-item Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale | DERS, Gratz & Roemer, 2004 | Mindfulness decreases emotional reactivity, decreases negative emotions, increases positive emotions, reduces rumination and reactive thoughts (Hölzel et al., 2011b). This increases prefrontal cortex activity, decreases amygdala activation, and increases activity in the ventrolateral PFC (greater inhibitory control). There is a difference seen based on the experience of the meditator. Difficulties in emotion regulation include a lack of emotional awareness, lack of emotional clarity, difficulty controlling impulsive behavior when distressed, a lack of goal-directed behavior when distressed, non-acceptance of negative emotions, and limited access to effective emotion regulation strategies. (Christopher et al., 2015) | http://cairncenter.com/forms/difficultiesinemotionalregulation_scale.pdf |
| Toronto Alexithymia Scale | TAS-20, Taylor, 1992 | This measures intentional investigative self-observation and understanding of thoughts and feelings. This means mindfulness would be positively correlated with measures of emotional awareness (Bishop et al., 2004). | http://www.gtaylorpsychiatry.org/tas.htm |
META-AWARENESS & COGNITIVE REAPPRAISAL
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| The Measure of Awareness and Coping in Autobiographical Memory | MACAM; Moore, Hayhurst & Teasdale, 1996 | This measures decentry, the ability to observe thoughts and feelings as transitory and not truth. Requires trained coders, and takes time (Baer, 2011). | |
| Psychological Mindedness Scale | Conte 1997 | This measures one’s capacity to see the relationships between thoughts, feelings and actions or psychological mindedness (Bishop et al., 2004). | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3330424/pdf/250.pdf |
CHANGE IN PERSPECTIVE ON SELF
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Tennessee Self-Concept Scale | TSCS:2, Fitts & Warren, 1996 | One study showed changes in positive self-esteem, self-acceptance, and self-concept after 7-days of mindfulness (Hölzel et al., 2011b) | https://www.parinc.com/Products/Pkey/462 |
| Self-concept scales of the Temperament and Character Inventory | Cloninger, Svrakic & Przybeck 1993 | Experienced meditators show positive change (Hölzel et al., 2011b). | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/316321904_The_Temperament_and_Character_Inventory_TCI |
SELF-COMPASSION
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Self-Compassion Scale | SCS, Neff 2003 | Self-compassion is correlated with wellbeing, social connectedness, self-determination and emotional balance (Hick and Furlotte, 2010). | https://self-compassion.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/Self_Compassion_Scale_for_researchers.pdf |
| 21-Item Compassionate Love Scale for Humanity (CLS) also known as the Santa Clara Brief Compassion Scale | CLS, Sprecher and Fehr 2005 | https://www.midss.org/content/santa-clara-brief-compassion-scale-scbcs | |
STRESS AND ANXIETY
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anxiety Sensitivity Index | Reiss, Peterson, Gursky & McNally, 1992 | Also a metacognitive skill – monitoring and control – or a direct experience of events, not suppression, which results in an ability to inhibit rumination. Beginner’s mind involves observation as if for the first time with a commitment to maintain an attitude of curiosity and acceptance. This can lead to experiencing emotional distress or unpleasant experiences as less unpleasant and threatening “since the contract of acceptance changes their subjective meaning”. This results in improved emotion regulation (Bishop et al., 2004). | https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/0005796786901439?via%3Dihub |
| 6-Item Brief Resilience Scale | BRS, Smith, Dalen, Wiggins, Tooley, Christopher & Bernard, 2008 | The brief resilience scale assesses the ability of a person to bounce back. | https://ogg.osu.edu/media/documents/MB%20Stream/Brief%20Resilience%20Scale.pdf |
| 14-point Perceived Stress Scale 4-item Perceived Stress Scale-4 | PSS Cohen 1983 PSS-4, Cohen 1988 | This measures how unpredictable, uncontrollable, and overloaded one is (Christopher et al., 2015). | http://www.mindgarden.com/documents/PerceivedStressScale.pdf |
| 16-item Oldenburg Burnout Inventory | OLBI, Demerouti 2003 | This measures exhaustion and disengagement (Christopher et al., 2015).0 | https://stresscenter.ucsf.edu/measures/burnout |
BIAS AND PREJUDICE
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Implicit Association Test | IAT, Greenwald, Poehlman, Uhlman 2009 | (Kang et al., 2013) | https://faculty.washington.edu/agg/iat_materials.htm# |
EMPATHY AND COMPASSION
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Compassion Scale | Pommier, 2011 | (Ludvik & Eberhart, 2018) | http://goodmedicine.org.uk/files/other-compassion%20scale,%20tahoma.pdf |
| Interpersonal Reactivity Index | IRI, Davis 1994 | Measures empathy. | https://docs.google.com/document/d/1YCKkyg-OVpT0Qz36qFdHM7yeSGj0DsUYgyyx9u7ubnc/edit |
PROSOCIAL BEHAVIOR
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Emotional support subscale of the Interpersonal Competence Questionnaire | ICQ, Buhrmester 1988 | Measures facilitating reappraisals (Jones, et al., 2019). | https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/87df/a1cba25fc8ef3fb6cfdabe79fd0add6700f4.pdf |
| Active-Empathic Listening Scale | AELS, Bodie 2011 | Active listening has cognitive, affective and behavioral processes (Jones, et al., 2019) | http://www.grahambodie.com/aels |
BEHAVIORAL MEASURES OF MINDFULNESS TESTS
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Observe Scale of the Interpersonal Reactivity Index (IRI) | IRI, Davis, 1980 | Used with heartbeat detection tests (Hölzel et al., 2011b). | https://fetzer.org/sites/default/files/images/stories/pdf/selfmeasures/EMPATHY-InterpersonalReactivityIndex.pdf |
| Mindful-Breathing Exercise | MBE | Measures mindfulness of objects through experience sampling (ES) - awareness of an anchor in the present moment like breath. The Mindful Breathing Exercise demonstrated acceptable reliabilities and preliminary evidence of construct validity. It also showed evidence of validity in predicting key criterion beyond self-report measures between experienced and novice meditators (Hadash and Bernstein, 2018). | http://projects.hsl.wisc.edu/SERVICE/courses/whole-health-for-pain-and-suffering/Script-Mindful-Breathing.pdf |
| Breath Counting Task | BCT | This test measures time-course of sustained mindful awareness and the time it takes to re-engage in mindful awareness. The Breath Counting Task was most effective and demonstrated acceptable reliabilities and preliminary evidence of construct validity (Hadash and Bernstein, 2018) | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/324166741_The_Breath_Counting_Task |
| Heartbeat Detection Tasks | This test measures sensitivity primarily through the first and third person correspondence method (Hadash and Bernstein, 2018). | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/280999666_Methodological_Recommendations_for_a_Heartbeat_Detection-Based_Measure_of_Interoceptive_Sensitivity | |
| Single Experience and Self-Implicit Association Test | SES-IAT, Hadash and Bernstein, 2018 | This measures attitudes including associations between self and fear during frightening videos. This test was most effective and demonstrated acceptable reliabilities and preliminary evidence of construct validity (Hadash and Bernstein, 2018). | https://mindrxiv.org/c8vap/ |
Wellbeing & Resilience
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Resources and Needs Questionnaire | Jackeline Velazco, 2005 | Designed to access household’s access to a wide range of resources and the need satisfactions they achieve. | http://www.bath.ac.uk/soc-pol/welldev/research/methods-toobox/ranq-toolbox.htm |
| Quality of Life | Quality of Life WeD-QoL, Laura Camfield and Teresa King, 2006 | A measure of an individual’s perceived Quality of Life. The purpose is to be able to compare how people experience and evaluate their lives, including the level of satisfaction felt in relation to values aspects of their lives. | http://www.bath.ac.uk/soc-pol/welldev/research/methods-toobox/qol-toolbox.htm |
| Income and Expenditures Survey | I&E, Jackeline Velazco, 2006 | Designed to collect data on the income and expenditure patterns of households and individuals within it. Created to identify different categories of income, expenditures, credit and saving behavior as well as subjective indicators as global happiness and life domain satisfaction. | http://www.bath.ac.uk/soc-pol/welldev/research/methods-toobox/ies-toolbox.htm |
HEDONIC (PLEASURE)
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Subjective Happiness Scale | Lyubomirsky & Lepper, 1999 | Measures level of happiness and comparison of level of happiness to others. Chronbach’s Alpha (reliability) .79-.94. | https://ggsc.berkeley.edu/images/uploads/The_Subjective_Happiness_Scale.pdf |
| Satisfaction with Life Scale | SWLS, Diener, Emmons, Larson & Griffin 1985 | SCS has strong correlations with self-compassion and emotional intelligence, and negative correlations with self-judgment (Hick and Furlotte, 2010) A global assessment of ones’ quality of life according to their own chosen criteria. Chronbach’s Alpha (reliability) .87. | https://fetzer.org/sites/default/files/images/stories/pdf/selfmeasures/SATISFACTION-SatisfactionWithLife.pdf |
EUDAIMONIC (SUBJECTIVE WELL-BEING)
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Flourishing Scale | Diener et al., 2010 | Designed to measure social-psychological prosperity defined by positive social relationships, purposeful and meaningful life, engagement and interest in one’s activities, and feeling competent and capable in activities that are important to the person. Chronbach’s Alpha (reliability) .81-.87. | https://ggsc.berkeley.edu/images/uploads/The_Flourishing_Scale.pdf |
| Scales of Psychological Well-Being | Ryff, 1989 | Measures self-acceptance, positive relations with others, autonomy, environmental mastery, purpose in life, and personal growth. Chronbach’s Alpha (reliability) .86-.93. | http://sparqtools.org/mobility-measure/psychological-wellbeing-scale/ |
| Quality of Life Inventory | QOLI, Frisch, Cornell, Villanueva & Retzlaff, 1992 | Measures overall life satisfaction, consisting of the sum of satisfaction in particular areas of life. Chronbach’s Alpha (reliability) .79-.89. | https://sites.baylor.edu/michael_b_frisch/qoli-quality-of-life-inventory/ |
COMPOSITE
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Authentic Happiness Inventory | Zabihi, Ketabi, Tavakoli & Ghadiri, 2014 | Designed to measure pleasure, engagement, meaning in life, and interpersonal connectedness as elements of happiness. Chronbach’s Alpha (reliability) .93. | https://www.authentichappiness.sas.upenn.edu/testcenter |
| 12-Item Well-Being Questionnaire | Pouwer, Van der Ploeg, Ader, Heine & Snoek, 1999 | Measures negative affect, positive affect and energy. Chronbach’s Alpha (reliability) .66-.83. | ttps://www.healthpsychologyresearch.com/find-a-questionnaire/well-being-questionnaire-0 |
| General Wellbeing Schedule | Fazio, 1977 | Designed to assess mental health, quality of life and subjective wellbeing. Chronbach’s alpha .91-.95. | https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-0-387-79948-3_1939 |
| Oxford Happiness Inventory | Argyle, Martine & Crossland, 1989 | A broad measure of personal happiness designed to mirror the Beck Depression Inventory format. Chronbach’s alpha .90. | http://www.blake-group.com/sites/default/files/assessments/Oxford_Happiness_Questionnaire.pdf |
| Oxford Happiness Questionnaire | Hills & Argyle, 2002 | A broad personal measure of personal happiness. Chronbach’s alpha .91. | https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2014/nov/03/take-the-oxford-happiness-questionnaire |
| Pemperton Happiness Index | Hervas & Vazquez, 2013 | Covers multiple elements of well-being (general, hedonic, eudaimonic, social), assesses overall memory of wellbeing yesterday, and is validated in multiple countries and languages. Chronbach’s alpha .82-.93. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23607679 |
| Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale | Tennant et al., 2007 | Measures a wide view of well-being, including emotional, cognitive, and psychological by focusing on the positive. Chronbach’s alpha .89-.91. | https://warwick.ac.uk/fac/sci/med/research/platform/wemwbs/using |
| WHO-Ten Well-Being Index | Bech, Gudex & Staehr Johansen, 1996 | Measures the absence of negative states (anxiety, depression) and the presence of positive (energy). Chronbach’s alpha .85. | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8843498 |
RESILIENCE
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Zigler-Phillips Social Competence Index | Zigler & Glick, 1986 | Measures various interlinked areas of competency through composites. | https://psycnet.apa.org/record/1987-12360-001 |
| The Community Assessment of Resilience Tool | CART, Pfefferbaum et al., 2006 | Assesses community resilience. | https://www.oumedicine.com/docs/ad-psychiatry-workfiles/cart_online-final_042012.pdf |
TRAUMA-HEALING
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale | CAPS, Blake et al., 1995 | A 30-question, structured interview delivered by trained professionals that assesses 17 symptoms of PTSD and provides a severity score for current or long-term diagnosis. | https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/documents/CAPS_5_Past_Week.pdf |
| PTSD Check List - 17 | PCL – 17 | A 17-question measure for self-report symptoms of PTSD using a 5-part Likert scale. Scores range from 17-85, with measures of 50 or higher indicating PTSD. | https://www.mirecc.va.gov/docs/visn6/3_PTSD_CheckList_and_Scoring.pdf |
| PTSD Check List for DSM-5 | PCL-5, Weathers, F. W., Litz, B. T., Keane, T. M., Palmieri, P. A., Marx, B. P., & Schnurr, P. P. (2013). | A 20-item self-administered scale corresponding to DSM-IV (35) criteria for PTSD. A 20-item self-report measure that assesses the 20 DSM-5 symptoms of PTSD. It’s purpose is to monitor symptoms from treatment, screen and diagnosis PTSD. | https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/documents/PCL5_Standard_form.PDF |
| Posttraumatic Diagnostic Scale | PDS, Foa, E., Cashman, L., Jaycox, L., & Perry, K. (1997) | A 49-item self-report measure recommended for use in clinical or research settings to measure severity of PTSD symptoms related to a single identified traumatic event.0 | https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-sr/pds.asp |
| Beck Depression Inventory | BDI, Beck, et al., 1961 | A 21-item, self-report rating inventory for evaluating the severity of depression. | https://www.ismanet.org/doctoryourspirit/pdfs/Beck-Depression-Inventory-BDI.pdf |
| Davidson Trauma Scale | DTS, Davidson, et al., 1997 | A 17-item self-report scale designed to assess 17 PTSD symptoms. | https://www.ptsd.va.gov/professional/assessment/adult-sr/dts.asp |
| Impact of Event Scale - Revised | IES-R, Creamer, et al., 2003 | A 22-item self-report scale not intended to diagnose but assess subjective distress. | https://consultgeri.org/try-this/general-assessment/issue-19.pdf |
Social & Emotional Intelligence
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| Multifactor Emotional Intelligence Scale | MEIS, Mayer, Caruso, & Salovey, 1998, 1999 | First comprehensive theory-based tool for measuring EI as a set of abilities. Includes 12 ability measures divided into four areas (a) perceiving and expressing emotions; (b) using emotions to facilitate thought; (c) understanding emotions; (d) managing emotions in self and others. | http://ei.yale.edu/wp-content/uploads/2014/02/pub231_Salovey_Woolery_Mayer_2001.pdf |
| Mayer, Salovey, and Caruso Emotional Intelligence Scales | MSCEIT, Mayer, Salovey, & Caruso, 2002a,b, 2003 | A refined and better normed successor to the MEIS, still measures the same components but in less time and with better worded questions. Recommended as the best test for measuring ability EI. | https://storefront.mhs.com/collections/msceit |
| Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire | TEIQue, Petrides and Furnham, 2001 | Recommended as the best comprehensive measure of trait EI. | http://www.eiconsortium.org/measures/teique.html |
| Emotional and Social Competence Inventory | ESCI, Boyatzis and Goleman, 2007 | The ESCI measures the demonstration of individuals’ behaviors, through their perceptions and those of their raters, making it distinct from measures of EI that assess ability or personality preferences. | http://www.eiconsortium.org/pdf/ESCI_user_guide.pdf |
| Schutte Self Report Emotional Intelligence Test | SSEIT, Schutte et al., 1998 | Common self-report EI measure; a 33-question tool designed to map onto the Salovey and Mayer (1990) model of EI. | http://depts.washington.edu/uwcssc/sites/default/files//hw00/d40/uwcssc/sites/default/files/The%20Schutte%20Self%20Report%20Emotional%20Intelligence%20Test%20%28SSEIT%29.pdf |
| Emotional Quotient Inventory 2.0 | EQ-I 2.0, Bar-On, 2004 | Common self-report EI measure designed to measure self perception, interpersonal, decision-making, self-expression and stress management. | http://www.eiconsortium.org/measures/eqi.html |
| Tromsø Social Intelligence Scale | TSIS, Silvera, Martinussen & Dahl, 2001 | A self-report scale that evaluates social information processing, social skills and social awareness | https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2001-18561-002 |
| MESI Methodology | Frankovsky & Birknerová, 2014 | A 21-item self-report tool using the psychometric approach to evaluate social intelligence along three factors of manipulation, empathy, and social irritability | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/271341301_Measuring_Social_Intelligence-The_MESI_Methodology |
| Classroom Assessment Scoring System | CLASS®, Pianta | An observational tool to measure SEL in schools, assessing the quality of teacher-student interactions that supports children’s learning and development. | https://teachstone.com/class/ |
| CDC’s Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey | YRBSS, Ludvik & Eberhart, 2018 | Monitors six types of health-risks behaviors that contribute to the leading cause of death among youth | https://www.cdc.gov/healthyyouth/data/yrbs/questionnaires.htm |
| Growth Mindset Scale | Dweck, 2006 | A 3-item scale to measure if people believe that can get smarter if they work at it. | http://sparqtools.org/mobility-measure/growth-mindset-scale/ |
| Grit Scale | Duckworth, 2007 | A 12-item scale to measure trait-level perseverance and passion for long-term goals. | https://angeladuckworth.com/grit-scale/ |
Empowerment & Agency
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION for & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| WE-MEASR (Women’s Empowerment – Multidimensional Evaluation of Agency, Social Capital and Relations). | CARE.org | This tool is designed for use with women, and consists of 23 short, validated scales designed to measure women’s empowerment in domains critical to sexual, reproductive and maternal health and nutrition. | https://www.care.org/sites/default/files/we-measr_tool_final_1.pdf |
| The Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) | USAID | An aggregate index that measures the empowerment of women involved in agricultural activities including decisions about agriculture production, decision making power, control of income, leadership in the community and time allocation | http://weai.ifpri.info/versions/weai/ |
| The Three-Dimensional (3D) Empowerment Framework | The Commonwealth of Learning (COL) | This is a tool to assist in designing a survey, indexing and structuring data analysis to measure empowerment within and between groups over time. | http://dspace.col.org/bitstream/handle/11599/2468/2016_Carr_Measuring-Empowerment.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y |
| Measuring Empowerment (ME) Framework | World Bank | A comprehensive set of indicators for measuring degrees of empowerment in three parts: (1) existence of choice, (2) use of choice, and (3) achievement of choice, which can be applied across different programs, circumstances, and nations. | https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/handle/10986/8856 |
| Self-Assessment Based Framework | Ibramin and Alkire (2007) | A framework utilizing subjective, self-assessment questions for measuring power or control over choice in four primary areas: personal decisions, autonomy, change in one’s life, and change within community. | https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/13600810701701897?journalCode=cods20 |
| Measuring Women’s Empowerment | Huis et al. (2017) | A three-dimensional framework, designed for the context of microfinance, for measuring empowerment at the personal level, relational level, and societal level. | https://www.readcube.com/articles/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01678 |
| 13-Item Locus of Control or Internal-External Scale | (Rotter, 1966) | A long-standing tool to measure personal control over life outcomes using 13-items to assess whether an individual has an internal locus of control (outcomes depend on personal actions) or an external locus of control (outcomes and experiences are dictated by external forces).0 | https://psycnet.apa.org/doiLanding?doi=10.1037%2Fh0092976 |
| General Causality in Orientation Scale of Self-Determination | Ryan & Deci (1985) | A widely-tested tool that measures autonomy or empowerment across three dimensions – autonomy orientation (high degree of personal choice and internal locus of causality), control orientation (how much is behavior compliant with extrinsic factors or a sense of what “should” be), and impersonal orientation (how much do people feel their behavior is beyond their intentional control), representing a continuum of self-determination from high to low. | https://selfdeterminationtheory.org/SDT/documents/1985_DeciRyan_GCOS.pdf |
Community & Belonging
| TOOL | AUTHOR | DESCRIPTION & NOTES | LINK |
|---|---|---|---|
| 12-Item Sense of Community Index | SCI, Perkins, Florin, Rich, Wandersman & Chavis, 1990 | Most frequently used measure of a sense of community in the social sciences based on the 1986 McMillan and Chavis definition of a sense of community, measuring across 12 questions, four subscales, including (1) membership, (2) influence, (3) integration and fulfillment of needs, and (4) shared emotional connection. | https://www.senseofcommunity.com/soc-index/ |
| 24-Item Sense of Community Index - 2 (Revised) | SCI-2, Chavis, Lee & Acosta, 2008 | Improves reliability of the SCI especially as a cross-cultural measure. | http://dl.icdst.org/pdfs/files/f458f0f15016819295377e5a979b1893.pdf |
| Social Capital and Social Cohesion Measurement Toolkit for Community-Driven Development Operations | Mercy Corps and World Bank, 2020 | A 15-item survey for measuring social capital and social cohesion combined with a qualitative contextualization guide that helps to adapt the tool for a particular context, based on a review of 2600 survey questions from existing tools utilized globally. | https://collaboration.worldbank.org/content/usergenerated/asi/cloud/attachments/sites/collaboration-for-development/en/groups/community-driven-development-global-solutions-group/documents/jcr:content/content/primary/blog/social_capital_ands-OhaN/Social%20Capital%20and%20Social%20Cohesion%20Measurement%20Toolkit%20(Final).pdf |
| 8-item Brief Sense of Community Scale | BSCS, Peterson, Speer & McMillan, 2008 | Attempted to refine the earlier SCI. | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/229567281_Validation_of_a_Brief_Sense_of_Communtiy_Scale_Confirmation_of_the_Principal_Theory_of_Sense_of_Community |
| Social Health Index | Shaw-Taylor, 1999 | Assesses how well a community functions in caring for its most disadvantaged populations | https://www.amazon.com/Measurement-Community-Health-Social-Index/dp/0761821260 |
| Community Assessment of Resilience Tool | CART, Pfefferbaum, Pfefferbaum, Van Horn, Klomp, Norris & Reissman, 2006 | Assesses community resilience | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/236076108_The_Communities_Advancing_Resilience_Toolkit_CART_An_Intervention_to_Build_Community_Resilience_to_Disasters |
| Social Vulnerability Index | SOVI, Cutter, Boruff & Shirley, 2003 | Measures demographic and socioeconomic data to assess vulnerability that is negatively correlated with economic development, social capital and community resilience measures | https://www.d.umn.edu/~pfarrell/Natural%20Hazards/Readings/Cutter.%20Socail%20Vulnerability.pdf |
| Sense of Belonging Scale | Hoffman 2002 | (Ludvik & Eberhart, 2018) | https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326463786_Revised_Sense_of_Belonging_Scale_Hoffman_MB_Richmond_JR_Morrow_JA_Salomone_K_2002-2003_Investigating_sense_of_belonging_in_First-Year_college_students_Journal_of_College_Student_Retention_43_227-256 |